<p><strong>Background:</strong> Exploring the possible association between Interpupillary distance (IPD), and vergence parameters (VPs) and asthenopia may give an impression of a vergence disorder (VD).<br /><strong>Aim:</strong> To investigate the association between asthenopia, VPs, VDs, and IPD among junior high school (JHS) students.<br /><strong>Setting:</strong> The study took place in JHSs in Cape Coast, Ghana.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study design and a multi-stage sampling technique was employed. Five hundred and forty-six (546) students enrolled completed oculo-visual screening, Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) administration, IPD measurements, and VPs assessments [near point of convergence (NPC), lateral heterophoria, positive fusional vergence (PFV), negative fusional vergence (NFV) amplitudes, Gradient AC/A ratio and relative accommodation] over maximum plus for best corrected visual acuity refractive correction.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The IPD status (small [OR] = 0.542, CI = 0.200 – 1.470, <em>p</em> = 0.229), medium (OR = 1.182, CI = 0.818 – 1.708, <em>p</em> = 0.373), large (OR = 0.920, CI = 0.630 – 1.344, <em>p</em> = 0.668) was not a risk for asthenopia. Small (<em>p</em> = 0.598), medium (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.046, <em>p</em> = 0.831), and large (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup> = 2.875, <em>p</em> = 0.090) IPD was not associated with VDs. There were significant correlations between IPD, and NPC break (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.101, <em>p</em> = <em>˂</em> 0.018); distance PFV blur (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.106, <em>p</em> = 0.014) and break (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.129, <em>p</em> = 0.003); near NFV blur (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.096, <em>p</em> = 0.025) and break (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.103, <em>p</em> = 0.016); near PFV blur (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.111, <em>p</em> = 0.010) and break (<em>r</em><sub>s</sub> = 0.125, <em>p</em> = 0.003).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> VD and asthenopia cannot be predicted with IPD.<br /><strong>Contribution:</strong> The IPD is not diagnostic sign for vergence disorder.</p>