J Optom . 2025 Oct-Dec;18(4):100571. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571. Epub 2025 Aug 9. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate visual disability (VD) and associated functional limitations in a Spanish High Myopia (HM) cohort using various disability scales and to identify the main causes…
J Optom. 2025 Oct-Dec;18(4):100571. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571. Epub 2025 Aug 9.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate visual disability (VD) and associated functional limitations in a Spanish High Myopia (HM) cohort using various disability scales and to identify the main causes of this disability and its impact on daily life.
METHODS: This observational study reviewed HM (spherical equivalent (SE)≤-6 D) adults clinical records at IOBA from January 2023 to June 2024. Exclusion criteria included incomplete data and having different pathologies other than pathologic myopia. VD was classified using ICD-10, ICD-11, and Wecker scales. R was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: We analysed 600 eyes from 300 patients (73.7 % women, mean age 57.6 ± 15.3 years, mean SE -13.04 ± 6.03 D, mean LogMAR visual acuity 0.52 ± 0.72). According to ICD-11, 7.6 % had mild VD, 12.3 % moderate, 4.7 % severe, and 2.7 % were blind. Wecker scale showed 46.7 % had VD. VD patients were older (p-value= 5.81 × 10-17) and had more negative SE (p-value=7.96 × 10-13). No sex differences in VD or pathology frequency were found. Myopic macular atrophy (MMA) (OR=7.816), retinal detachment (OR=3.956), amblyopia (OR=3.455), neovascularization (OR=2.668), SE (OR=1.115), and age (OR=1.040) were statistically significant key factors (p-value<0.05) for greater VD.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights a significant VD in a Spanish HM cohort being MMA the main cause. Age and SE were found to be relevant factors, as well.This helps to indentify patients more in need of visual rehabilitation.
PMID:40784190 | PMC:PMC12357106 | DOI:10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571